Causes of excessive panting in dogs: Understanding what’s normal and what’s not
Panting is a natural way for dogs to cool themselves and keep their body temperature under control. A dog that is panting more than usual, however, may be a warning sign of a health problem. Recognizing the possible causes of excessive panting can help you detect potential problems early and take the right steps to keep your dog healthy and safe. In this article, we’ll cover both common and uncommon reasons for heavy breathing in dogs, how to tell when you need to get professional help, and what actions you can take if your dog's panting seems excessive.
Why do dogs pant?
Panting is their natural cooling mechanism, especially when they are hot or after exercise. Dogs cool themselves primarily by panting, as they cannot regulate their temperature by sweating, as humans can.
Panting also helps regulate oxygen levels when dogs are excited, anxious or stressed. However, when panting is constant or combined with other unusual symptoms, it could indicate a deeper problem.
Common causes of excessive panting in dogs
If you’ve noticed that your dog’s panting is becoming more intense or happening frequently without a clear reason, it might be a sign of something more serious. Knowing the typical causes of excessive panting can help you figure out whether it’s just part of their normal routine, or if it’s something that needs more attention. These are some of the most common reasons why your dog may pant excessively:
1 Overheating or heatstroke
Overheating is one of the most common reasons for excessive panting in dogs, especially during hot summer days when temperatures rise rapidly, or after intense exercise. Heatstroke can occur quickly if they’re unable to cool down properly, and can be life-threatening if not addressed immediately. Knowing how to cool down a dog properly is crucial. If your dog is panting excessively in warm conditions, this could be a sign of heat exhaustion or heatstroke. Signs of overheating include:
- Excessive panting and drooling
- Bright red or pale gums
- Vomiting
- Lethargy or unresponsiveness
Immediately move your dog to a cooler place, provide plenty of cool (but not ice-cold) water and use a fan or a wet towel to help him cool down. If the panting persists or worsens, it is essential to act quickly and see a veterinarian.
2 Anxiety and/or stress
Dog panting at night or during unusual situations (like thunderstorms, fireworks, or trips to the vet) could indicate anxiety or stress. Dogs may also pace, whine, or seem restless when they’re feeling anxious, leading to excessive panting.
Create a calm environment for your dog by offering reassurance. Try using anxiety wraps, pheromone diffusers, or calming supplements. In some cases, your vet may recommend medication to help manage chronic anxiety.
3 Physical activity and overexertion
Dogs naturally pant after exercise, but dog constantly panting long after activity could be a sign of overexertion. If your dog pants heavily even after light exercise or if the panting doesn’t subside within 10–15 minutes, it could indicate an underlying health issue, such as heart or respiratory problems.
If your dog is panting heavily after minimal exertion, or if their breathing seems labored, consult your vet. This can be an early indicator of heart disease, Cushing’s disease, or other conditions that affect their ability to breathe normally.
4 Pain or discomfort
Dogs can’t verbally tell us when they’re in pain, but panting is one way they show discomfort. If your dog is panting more than usual, especially without obvious triggers like exercise or heat, they could be experiencing pain. What to look for:
- Dog shaking and panting with no apparent cause
- Limping or avoiding movement
- Restlessness or pacing
If you suspect that your dog is in pain, it’s essential to seek veterinary care. They may perform tests to determine the cause and offer pain relief options.
5 Health conditions
Certain medical conditions can lead to excessive panting in dogs, including:
- Heart Disease: If your dog’s heart isn’t pumping blood effectively, they may pant to compensate for reduced oxygen levels.
- Respiratory Issues: Conditions like tracheal collapse, bronchitis, or laryngeal paralysis can cause labored breathing, leading to increased panting.
- Cushing’s Disease: This condition causes an overproduction of cortisol, leading to panting, increased thirst, and a pot-bellied appearance.
- Anemia: A lack of red blood cells can cause dog panting at night or during rest, as the body struggles to get enough oxygen.
These symptoms may be early indicators of a more serious condition, so don’t hesitate to seek professional advice.
Excessive panting in older dogs
Older dogs are more vulnerable to health problems such as heart disease, breathing difficulties or arthritis, which can cause discomfort and lead to excessive panting. Keep in mind that if your older dog is panting a lot it can also be a sign of pain, as they have a harder time coping with physical stress or medical problems.
If your senior dog panting at night can be a sign of discomfort or anxiety, this could be due to cognitive issues or joint pain that worsen during the night. It can also be a symptom of Cushing’s disease that elevates cortisol and causes excessive panting. If you notice your senior dog panting more than usual, especially for no clear reason, it’s important to consult your vet for an evaluation.
Conclusion
Excessive panting in dogs can have many causes, from simple overheating to more serious health issues. While some reasons are harmless and temporary, others may require immediate veterinary attention. Understanding the difference can help you take the appropriate steps to keep your dog healthy and safe.